Web Services SOAP

📋 Visão Geral

Web Services SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) permitem integração entre sistemas usando XML e protocolo HTTP/HTTPS.

Características: - ✅ Baseado em XML - ✅ Protocolo SOAP - ✅ WSDL para definição - ✅ Suporte a tipos complexos - ✅ WS-Security para segurança - ⚠️ Mais pesado que REST

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🎯 SOAP vs REST

Aspecto	SOAP	REST
Protocolo	SOAP (XML)	HTTP
Formato	Apenas XML	JSON, XML, etc.
Complexidade	Alta	Baixa
Performance	Mais lento	Mais rápido
Segurança	WS-Security	HTTPS, OAuth
Uso SAP	Legacy, ERP	Fiori, S/4HANA

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🛠️ Criar Web Service (Provider)

Transaction SE80

Criar Function Module:

FUNCTION z_ws_get_customer.
*"----------------------------------------------------------------------
*"*"Interface Local:
*"  IMPORTING
*"     VALUE(IV_KUNNR) TYPE  KUNNR
*"  EXPORTING
*"     VALUE(ES_CUSTOMER) TYPE  KNA1
*"     VALUE(EV_MESSAGE) TYPE  STRING
*"  EXCEPTIONS
*"      CUSTOMER_NOT_FOUND
*"----------------------------------------------------------------------

  SELECT SINGLE * FROM kna1 INTO es_customer
    WHERE kunnr = iv_kunnr.

  IF sy-subrc = 0.
    ev_message = |Cliente { iv_kunnr } encontrado|.
  ELSE.
    ev_message = |Cliente { iv_kunnr } não existe|.
    RAISE customer_not_found.
  ENDIF.

ENDFUNCTION.

Atributos da Function: - ☑ Remote-Enabled Module (SE37 → Attributes)

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Transaction SE37 - Enterprise Services

Criar Web Service:

1. Utilities → More Utilities → Create Web Service
2. Service Definition: Z_CUSTOMER_WS
3. Endpoint: Z_CUSTOMER_EP
4. Profile: Default
5. Save & Activate

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Transaction SOAMANAGER

Configurar e ativar Web Service:

1. SOAMANAGER
2. Web Service Configuration
3. Search: Z_CUSTOMER_WS
4. Create Service
5. Binding: Z_CUSTOMER_BINDING
6. Configure: HTTPS, autenticação
7. Save

URL do WSDL:

https://server:port/sap/bc/srt/wsdl/flv_10002A111AD1/bndg_url/sap/bc/srt/rfc/sap/z_customer_ws/100/z_customer_binding/z_customer_binding

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🌐 Consumir Web Service (Consumer)

Transaction SE80

Criar Proxy Local:

1. SE80 → Enterprise Services
2. Create → Service Consumer
3. WSDL: URL ou upload arquivo
4. Package: ZPACKAGE
5. Prefix: ZCO_
6. Generate

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Usar Proxy Gerado

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report Z_CONSUME_WEBSERVICE
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT z_consume_webservice.

DATA: lo_proxy TYPE REF TO zco_customer_ws,
      ls_input TYPE zco_get_customer_request,
      ls_output TYPE zco_get_customer_response.

PARAMETERS: p_kunnr TYPE kunnr DEFAULT '0001000000'.

START-OF-SELECTION.

  TRY.
      " Criar proxy
      CREATE OBJECT lo_proxy
        EXPORTING
          logical_port_name = 'Z_CUSTOMER_LP'.  " SOAMANAGER

      " Input
      ls_input-iv_kunnr = p_kunnr.

      " Chamar Web Service
      CALL METHOD lo_proxy->get_customer
        EXPORTING
          input  = ls_input
        IMPORTING
          output = ls_output.

      " Resultado
      WRITE: / '═══ RESULTADO ═══', /.
      WRITE: / |Cliente: { ls_output-es_customer-kunnr }|.
      WRITE: / |Nome: { ls_output-es_customer-name1 }|.
      WRITE: / |Cidade: { ls_output-es_customer-ort01 }|.
      WRITE: / |Mensagem: { ls_output-ev_message }|, /.

    CATCH cx_ai_system_fault INTO DATA(lo_sys_fault).
      WRITE: / |Erro de sistema: { lo_sys_fault->get_text( ) }|.

    CATCH cx_ai_application_fault INTO DATA(lo_app_fault).
      WRITE: / |Erro de aplicação: { lo_app_fault->get_text( ) }|.

    CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(lo_ex).
      WRITE: / |Erro: { lo_ex->get_text( ) }|.
  ENDTRY.

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Configurar Logical Port (SOAMANAGER)

1. SOAMANAGER
2. Single Service Administration
3. Search: Proxy name
4. Create Logical Port: Z_CUSTOMER_LP
5. URL: URL do WSDL remoto
6. Authentication: Basic, SSL, etc.
7. Save

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🔐 Segurança

WS-Security

Username Token:

<wsse:Security>
  <wsse:UsernameToken>
    <wsse:Username>user</wsse:Username>
    <wsse:Password Type="PasswordText">pass</wsse:Password>
  </wsse:UsernameToken>
</wsse:Security>

Configurar em SOAMANAGER: - Authentication: User ID/Password - Transport Level Security: HTTPS

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Certificado SSL

STRUST - Trust Manager:

1. STRUST
2. SSL Client (Anonymous)
3. Import Certificate
4. Add to Certificate List

SOAMANAGER: - Authentication: SSL Client Certificate - Select Certificate

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📊 SOAP Request/Response

Request Example

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" 
                  xmlns:urn="urn:sap-com:document:sap:rfc:functions">
   <soapenv:Header/>
   <soapenv:Body>
      <urn:Z_WS_GET_CUSTOMER>
         <IV_KUNNR>0001000000</IV_KUNNR>
      </urn:Z_WS_GET_CUSTOMER>
   </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

Response Example

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
   <soapenv:Body>
      <n0:Z_WS_GET_CUSTOMER.Response xmlns:n0="urn:sap-com:document:sap:rfc:functions">
         <ES_CUSTOMER>
            <KUNNR>0001000000</KUNNR>
            <NAME1>Cliente Teste</NAME1>
            <ORT01>Lisboa</ORT01>
         </ES_CUSTOMER>
         <EV_MESSAGE>Cliente 0001000000 encontrado</EV_MESSAGE>
      </n0:Z_WS_GET_CUSTOMER.Response>
   </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

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💡 Exemplo Completo: Integração Externa

Sistema Externo → SAP (Provider)

Function Module:

FUNCTION z_ws_create_sales_order.
*"----------------------------------------------------------------------
*"*"Interface Local:
*"  IMPORTING
*"     VALUE(IS_HEADER) TYPE  BAPISDHD1
*"  TABLES
*"      IT_ITEMS STRUCTURE  BAPISDITM
*"      ET_RETURN STRUCTURE  BAPIRET2
*"  EXPORTING
*"     VALUE(EV_ORDER_NUMBER) TYPE  VBELN_VA
*"----------------------------------------------------------------------

  " Criar ordem via BAPI
  CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_SALESORDER_CREATEFROMDAT2'
    EXPORTING
      order_header_in = is_header
    IMPORTING
      salesdocument   = ev_order_number
    TABLES
      return          = et_return
      order_items_in  = it_items.

  " Commit
  READ TABLE et_return WITH KEY type = 'E' TRANSPORTING NO FIELDS.
  IF sy-subrc = 0.
    CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_ROLLBACK'.
  ELSE.
    CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT'
      EXPORTING wait = 'X'.
  ENDIF.

ENDFUNCTION.

Expor via SOAMANAGER (passos acima).

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SAP → Sistema Externo (Consumer)

Consumir Web Service de terceiros:

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report Z_CALL_EXTERNAL_WS
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT z_call_external_ws.

DATA: lo_proxy TYPE REF TO zco_external_service,
      ls_request TYPE zco_weather_request,
      ls_response TYPE zco_weather_response.

PARAMETERS: p_city TYPE string DEFAULT 'Lisboa'.

START-OF-SELECTION.

  TRY.
      " Criar proxy (gerado a partir de WSDL externo)
      CREATE OBJECT lo_proxy
        EXPORTING
          logical_port_name = 'Z_WEATHER_LP'.

      " Request
      ls_request-city = p_city.

      " Chamar serviço externo
      CALL METHOD lo_proxy->get_weather
        EXPORTING
          input  = ls_request
        IMPORTING
          output = ls_response.

      " Resultado
      WRITE: / |Cidade: { p_city }|.
      WRITE: / |Temperatura: { ls_response-temperature }°C|.
      WRITE: / |Condição: { ls_response-condition }|.

    CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(lo_ex).
      WRITE: / |Erro: { lo_ex->get_text( ) }|.
  ENDTRY.

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🔧 Transaction SPROXY

Service Proxy - alternativa a SE80 para criar proxies.

Criar Proxy

1. SPROXY
2. Outside-In → External WSDL
3. Upload WSDL ou URL
4. Generate

Vantagens

• ✅ Interface mais moderna
• ✅ Melhor para Enterprise Services
• ✅ Suporte a XSD complexos

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🛠️ Monitorização

Transaction SRT_UTIL

Runtime Administration: - Ver logs de execução - Mensagens SOAP - Erros

Transaction SXMB_MONI

Integration Engine Monitoring: - Monitorar mensagens XML - Ver payloads - Reprocessar mensagens

Transaction SICF

HTTP Service Maintenance: - Ativar/desativar serviços - Configurar handlers - Ver estatísticas

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⚡ Performance e Boas Práticas

✅ Fazer

" 1. Reutilizar instância do proxy
DATA: go_proxy TYPE REF TO zco_service.  " Global

FORM call_service.
  IF go_proxy IS NOT BOUND.
    CREATE OBJECT go_proxy
      EXPORTING logical_port_name = 'LP_NAME'.  " ✅ Criar uma vez
  ENDIF.

  " Usar go_proxy...
ENDFORM.

" 2. Tratar exceções específicas
TRY.
    CALL METHOD lo_proxy->method.
  CATCH cx_ai_system_fault.
    " Erro de comunicação
  CATCH cx_ai_application_fault.
    " Erro de negócio
  CATCH cx_root.
    " Outros erros
ENDTRY.

" 3. Timeout adequado
" Configurar em SOAMANAGER → Logical Port → Timeouts

" 4. Comprimir grandes payloads
" SOAMANAGER → Service Definition → Compression

" 5. Usar logical ports (não hardcode URLs)
CREATE OBJECT lo_proxy
  EXPORTING logical_port_name = 'Z_LP'.  " ✅ SM59

❌ Evitar

" 1. Criar proxy em cada chamada
FORM call_ws.
  CREATE OBJECT lo_proxy.  " ❌ Repetitivo!
  CALL METHOD lo_proxy->method.
ENDFORM.

" 2. Não tratar erros
CALL METHOD lo_proxy->method.  " ❌ E se falhar?

" 3. Hardcoded URLs
DATA lv_url TYPE string VALUE 'http://prod.com/ws'.  " ❌ Usar LP

" 4. Payloads muito grandes sem compressão
" Configurar compressão em SOAMANAGER

" 5. Sync chamadas para operações longas
CALL METHOD lo_proxy->long_operation.  " ❌ Timeout!
" Melhor: usar RFC assíncrono ou job

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💡 Exemplo: Integração com Sistema Bancário

Provider (SAP expõe)

Function Module:

FUNCTION z_ws_payment_status.
*"----------------------------------------------------------------------
*"*"Interface Local:
*"  IMPORTING
*"     VALUE(IV_PAYMENT_ID) TYPE  STRING
*"  EXPORTING
*"     VALUE(EV_STATUS) TYPE  STRING
*"     VALUE(EV_AMOUNT) TYPE  WRBTR
*"     VALUE(EV_CURRENCY) TYPE  WAERS
*"     VALUE(EV_DATE) TYPE  DATUM
*"----------------------------------------------------------------------

  " Buscar pagamento
  SELECT SINGLE
    status,
    amount,
    currency,
    payment_date
  FROM zpayments
  WHERE payment_id = @iv_payment_id
  INTO (@ev_status, @ev_amount, @ev_currency, @ev_date).

  IF sy-subrc <> 0.
    ev_status = 'NOT_FOUND'.
  ENDIF.

ENDFUNCTION.

Expor via SOAMANAGER.

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Consumer (SAP consome)

Chamar API bancária:

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report Z_BANK_API_CALL
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT z_bank_api_call.

DATA: lo_proxy TYPE REF TO zco_bank_api,
      ls_request TYPE zco_transfer_request,
      ls_response TYPE zco_transfer_response.

PARAMETERS: p_from TYPE string DEFAULT 'PT50123456789',
            p_to   TYPE string DEFAULT 'PT50987654321',
            p_amnt TYPE p DECIMALS 2 DEFAULT '1000.00'.

START-OF-SELECTION.

  TRY.
      " Criar proxy para API do banco
      CREATE OBJECT lo_proxy
        EXPORTING
          logical_port_name = 'Z_BANK_LP'.

      " Preparar transferência
      ls_request-from_account = p_from.
      ls_request-to_account   = p_to.
      ls_request-amount       = p_amnt.
      ls_request-currency     = 'EUR'.
      ls_request-description  = 'Pagamento SAP'.

      " Executar transferência
      CALL METHOD lo_proxy->transfer_funds
        EXPORTING
          input  = ls_request
        IMPORTING
          output = ls_response.

      " Resultado
      IF ls_response-status = 'SUCCESS'.
        WRITE: / '✅ Transferência realizada com sucesso!'.
        WRITE: / |ID Transação: { ls_response-transaction_id }|.
        WRITE: / |Timestamp: { ls_response-timestamp }|.
      ELSE.
        WRITE: / '❌ Erro na transferência:'.
        WRITE: / |Código: { ls_response-error_code }|.
        WRITE: / |Mensagem: { ls_response-error_message }|.
      ENDIF.

    CATCH cx_ai_system_fault INTO DATA(lo_sys_ex).
      WRITE: / |Erro de comunicação: { lo_sys_ex->get_text( ) }|.

    CATCH cx_ai_application_fault INTO DATA(lo_app_ex).
      WRITE: / |Erro do banco: { lo_app_ex->get_text( ) }|.

    CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(lo_ex).
      WRITE: / |Erro: { lo_ex->get_text( ) }|.
  ENDTRY.

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🔧 Troubleshooting

Erro: "Logical Port not found"

Solução: 1. SOAMANAGER 2. Criar Logical Port 3. Configurar URL e autenticação

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Erro: "HTTP 500 - Internal Server Error"

Causas: - Erro no código do serviço - Dados inválidos

Solução: - SRT_UTIL → Ver logs - ST22 → Dumps - Debugar function module

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Erro: "Connection timeout"

Solução: 1. SOAMANAGER → Logical Port 2. Timeouts tab 3. Aumentar timeout (ex: 60s)

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Erro: "Certificate validation failed"

Solução: 1. STRUST 2. Import certificado do servidor 3. Add to Certificate List

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🔗 Alternativas Modernas

REST vs SOAP

Preferir REST quando: - ✅ Integração com sistemas modernos - ✅ Aplicações mobile/web - ✅ Performance crítica - ✅ Simplicidade

Usar SOAP quando: - ✅ Sistemas legados - ✅ WS-Security necessário - ✅ Contratos formais (WSDL) - ✅ Transações distribuídas

Migração para OData/REST

" SOAP (antigo)
CALL METHOD lo_proxy->get_customer
  EXPORTING input = ls_input
  IMPORTING output = ls_output.

" REST (moderno)
DATA(lo_http) = cl_http_client=>create_by_url( 'https://api.com/customers' ).
lo_http->request->set_method( if_http_request=>co_request_method_get ).
lo_http->send( ).
lo_http->receive( ).
DATA(lv_json) = lo_http->response->get_cdata( ).

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🔗 Próximos Passos

• OData - Alternativa RESTful moderna
• HTTP Client - Consumir APIs REST
• REST API - Criar APIs REST em ABAP

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Tags: #WebServices #SOAP #WSDL #Integrações #SPROXY #SOAMANAGER